Building construction



Oct.- 11,1927.

A. GROSSINGER BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan.16. 1925 Patented Oct. 11, 1927.

.UNI-Tao si1irEsI ANTON GROSSINGER, '0F 'MILXVAUKEE WISCONSIN.

.BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Appncation mea January 16, 1925,. semi Nassim.

This .invention Arelates to building. construction Y e y VVarious attempts have heretofore been madeV to overcome the .dampnesscharacteristie of cement building structures. To'this end., variousl forms of .cementhlocks have beenv devisA-:fd .and Yvarious methods of con-A 'strnction ,have beenfatteinpted with a view to'providing airl spaces and .channels within thewall .capable opreventingthe seepage of dainpness therethrough. n.So tar as I am aware, none of these prior efforts have proven entirely satisfactory. l

Onefobject of the present invention 1sY the l5 provision ofl a novelbuilding construction which will be entirely t'reefrom thevabove mentioned defect and at the same time possessesthe advantages of strength, rigidity and economy ofconstruction character-` istic'of ordinary cement structures. lThis I have accomplished by providing. a wall having-an inner lining or` thickness kof cinder concrete spaced or otherwise insulated from the .outer thickness of the wall.V The ability of a walhso constructed, to exclude dampness is attributed largely to the porosity of the cinder concrete and consequent permeability .thereof by air in suiicient quantities to.dry kup any.A dampness. witliin .the Wall. A e

` YOther objects and advantages will appear flrcmjtheft'ollowing. description of. several illustrative; embodiments .ot the` present in.- vention. e

35 In the drawings: e

Figure- 1r is a` horizont-al vsectional view of a wallconstructed iny accordance .with the l present invention.

`li-gurei 2 is a verticalsectional View taken substantially along .the line 2 2 .offFigure l.

Figures .3 andv 4 kare horizontal ,and vertical sectional views, respectively, o fa brick veneer wall.v .embodying the presentv inven` tion.

Figures 5 and Gare horizontal and. lvertical .sectional views, respectively, of ka modified form ot brick veneer .wall kembodying the present invention.

Figure. -7 isa .horizontal sectional-view of another form of. wall constructed in accordance with the'present invention. l

The building construction yillustrated in Figures 1 and 2 comprises an -iouter'wallor thickness a made up of 'hollowv blocks 10. and l0..of.concrete laid intheusual manner df antinnerwail -or thickness .t madeup of der concrete blocks 11. ,fhevbloeksilO 1Ql are 'formedoi"l the usual conci"ete;y ii-,iiti'ire andy each has the usual .central airz S'pce,l

The .opposite'ends of each oithe blocg na() are toi-med with tongues @projections L3 and `-14 constituting?,.continuations f e front .andrear facesthereof, iiespec and each of the corner blocks liO-fis lfoi with similar projections .g1-:Band ,14, e end only thereof. `The blocks are laid: with the yprojections 13 inabuttingielationssosas to'provide an-:air space libetween theends of adjacent blocks. The :projections Maarre shorter than projections, lsogasJ to leave recesses for receiving portionsgof the-Cinderconcrete blocks llwhich will nowbe ldescribed. v Y

The cinder concrete.,blocksarev formed of a mixture similar to the concrete blocksl() and 10 except that cinders are substituted for the gravel ordinarily used. Fon-bestl results, onlysharp-edged, dust prooffcinders should bejused, ,of `afsize' ranging between that ofapea anda Walnut. The icindercgoncrete Ablocks. shown in Vliligures y1 ;afnclf 21 .ane substantially L-shapedeaoli.havng alongitudinal leg 16 and transverse leg 17; These blocks are laid .end `to,aendqin'Et-he usual staggered courses with; ftheflegs; 16 A parallel to and. spaced from' the blockspliO-:and 1,0V and the -legs 17'. projecting ri-nto they necesses formed .between theY sho-rt .projections .1410i adjacent blocks l0or 10. Awatier.; proof `insulating material, such as tenis 'preferably interposed at iStoseparafte the blocks l1 from actua-l contact Ywith "the blocks 15.0 I or 10.

e rlChe building construction illustratedfin Figures 3 and 4 Lcomprises anl outer4 wall-or thickness a. of brick veneer and an,L inner wall or thickness be made up of hollow A blocks ll of einden concrete. 'lheblocks il are similar in form to the blocks l0 and l0 hereinabove described ybut `are-made. of .a mixture similar to I,that used in theproduction of the blocks 11 hereinabove described; f.. The brick veneer comprises lbrick 19 of usual form, laid in theusualmanner, but prefer ably spaced from the cinder concrete blocks llsoV as to providelfaai insulating airspace theifebetween. 'Bricks QOylaidonaedgeybeg tween projections 14 of adjacent blocks 11 and extending from the projections 13 of the blocks-to the inner face of the `brick veneer, maintain this spaced relation. Appropriate ties 21 in the form of thin strips of metal provide a secure connection between the inner and outer "thicknesses ofthe Wall. These strips are preferably positioned beneath the 'spacer bricks 20 With their opposlte ends embedded in the mortar betweeny courses of brick 19 and blocks 11. A water .proof-inf'sulating material, `suoli as tar, is

preferably interposed at 22 and 23 so as to amonolithie layer of cinder concrete of a mixture similar to-V that Aemployed yin the bricks l11 hereinabove described. This layer may be strengthened by verticallyextendmg Vribs 4or projections, one of which is shown at-`2l in iguref. The. thicknessof brick veneer isr yretained in' spaced relationA from Y the cinder; concrete structure by means of vthe-projection 24 and by the use of spacer bricks 25` embedded in the cinder concrete structure at intervals and projecting toward the thickness of brick veneer. Suitable tie plates 21; embedded at one end in the cinder concrete structure and at the other end between courses of the brick structure may be used to bind these: structures together'. A

' good Waterproof-insulating material, such as tar, is preferablyrinserted at 26 and 27 to prevent actual contact'betvveen the projections 24 or bricks 25and`thel brick veneer Y structure.

A The building `construction shown-in Figure 7 comprises an outer Waller thickness a?" ofordinary concreterV and-an inner Wall or thlckness of cinder concrete spaced therefrom. lIn this instance, both the inner andV outer thicknesses comprise monolithic structures, preferably :reinforced as indicated at Y 28. The outer thickness is, formed with vertically extendingflateral' projections 29 Which bear at their inner edges 30 against `the inner vthickness to maintain anni-form spacj Waterproof insulating material being intering between the thicknesses and tostiffen the Walllv The inner edges-30 are Apreferably beveled off, as indicated, so as to interlock l,with thefinnergthickness,`tar 31, or other posed between theseedges vvandthe inner thickness.` Reinforcing rods 32 may be einbedded in the projectionsV 30 and soarranged'as to`projectinto the inner thickness so as to tie thefinner and 'outer thicknesses together.

' -It vvill be noted that each of the Wall structures hereinabove described comprises an outer thickness or layer of a good Weather resisting material, such as concrete or brick, and an inner thickness or layer of cinder concrete spaced or insulated therefrom. It

has been found that such a Wall provides a f sturdy economical construction Which is absolutely free from the dampness characteristic of `other concrete, cement or brick structures. It Will also be noted that each of the building constructions disclosed herein comprises an outervvall of Weather-resisting materialand an inner Wall of relatively porous material spaced from the outer Wall to provide an extensive intervening air chamber. yThe Walls are spaced apart definite distances by `means of the spacing members, but direct transgression of Water from one Wall to the other'through the material constituting the structure, is positively prevented by means of the Water-proof material vvhich'is interposed between eachV of the spacing members and the adjacent vvall.Y If any Water passes through the outer Wall', it produces dampness in thel intervening air space, and' by virtue of theporousconstruction of the inner Wall, this dampness is gradually dispersed into the atmosphere Within the building, Without creating undesirably dampl spots upon the inner surfaces of the inner Wall; This improved result is due to the provision ofthe relatively extensive air. space betvveen the Walls, Within which the leakage Water entering at local spots of the outer Wall is quickly evaporated and distributed, and from Which the porous inner'vv'all enables gradual evaporation over an extended area. Y

It vvill be noted 'that inthe Wall shown in Figures y1 and 2the outer thickness is' made up of cement blocks While in the Walls shown in Figures 8 to 6 to the outer thickness is of brick. The term"blo,ck formationr is hereinafter used in a generic sense `to designate a Wall thickness built up of units Whether such units specically comprise bricks, blocks or otherwise.

lll)

Various changesl may be made in any of the embodiments of the invention hereinaboveV described, Without departing from or sacrificing the advantages of the invention as defined 'in theappended claims. f

I claim: v

' 1. A building construction comprising, an e Y outer Wall of Weather-resisting material, an

inner Wall of relatively porous materialV spaced rfrom said outer Wall tovform an intervening air chamber, spacingmembers having relatively small cross-sectionaliarea and spanning said chamber to maintain said Walls in properspaced relation, and Waterproof materialinterposed between said members and said Walls to prevent transgression of Water from one of said Wallsto the other through said members.f

2. A building construction comprising, an

outer Wall of Weather-resisting material, an inner Wall of relatively porous cinder con crete spaced from said outer Wall to form an interveningl air chamber, spacing members having relatively small cross-sectional area and spanning said chambei` to maintain said Walls in proper spaced relation, and Waterproof material interposed between each of said members and an adjacent Wall to vprevent transgression of Water from one of said 10 Walls to the other through said members.

In Witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my naine this 6th vday of January, 1925.

ANTON GROSSIl\T(n`r}}R.v 

